ECP is considered the fastest Parallel Port mode.
According to the standards, both EPP and ECP are about 10X faster than regular bidirectional mode. EPP is used mainly for external hard drives and other non-printer items; whereas, ECP is used mainly for printers and scanners.
The reason that ECP is considered faster is because of something called coupling.
For EPP the close coupling between the parallel port and the device itself allows the program to monitor and control the flow of data at all times, and makes it easier for bidirectional communication.
ECP uses loose coupling. To be loosly coupled means that once the transmission initiates, drivers and programs cannot monitor the transfers progress. Because it cannot monitor the progress, it greatly reduces the amount of clock cycles thus speeding up the transfer.
Because EPP is used mainly for non-printer items like tape back-up devices monitoring is a necessary thing. However, printers and scanners only need to transfer an image which doesn't require a whole lot of monitoring.
Additionally, ECP uses data compression through Run Lenth Encoding which allows data to be compressed, and in turn performance is increased, and data transfers are faster as a result.
So, to make a long story short - both ECP and EPP run at 10X faster than regular bidirectional mode - but because of specific enhancements ECP is considered to be the faster parallel port mode.
Hope this helps.
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